Fleas and ticks in dogs and cats: prevention and home control
Recognising the problem
Scratching, small scabs or dark specks in the coat can occur with a flea infestation, although pets do not all show the same signs. Ticks may attach to the skin and go unnoticed. After outdoor activities, check the ears, neck and areas between the toes. A veterinarian can help confirm the cause because other conditions can also cause itching.
Fleas on the animal are only part of the problem: eggs and other life stages may be present in bedding, rugs or cracks. In homes with several pets, ask about a plan for all of them, even if only one is scratching.
Safe treatment for each species
Oral medicines, spot-on products and other formulations are available. The choice depends on species, age, weight, medical history, other medicines and which parasites need to be controlled. Products do not all cover the same tick species or last for the same length of time. Ask for instructions for the specific product and note when the next application is due.
Never apply a dog product to a cat unless a veterinarian specifically directs you to. Some dog formulations contain permethrin, which can be toxic to cats. If a product was applied by mistake or your cat develops tremors, weakness or other signs, contact an emergency veterinary service immediately and bring the packaging.
The environment matters too
Wash blankets according to their care instructions, vacuum the areas where your pet rests and dispose of vacuum contents safely. Follow the plan for both animals and the home; control may take time. If you are considering professional environmental treatment, confirm that the product and re-entry instructions are safe for people and pets. Do not apply household insecticides directly to an animal.
If you find an attached tick, ask for advice on how to remove it properly; do not burn it or cover it with substances. See our deworming guide and preventive care service.
Sources: Cornell, fleas in cats and flea and tick prevention.
Educational information; it does not replace a veterinary assessment. Sources consulted October 29, 2026.